The investigation of the effect of mine matrix protein, platelet rich fibrin (PRF) and bone graft on new bone formation in guided tissue regenerati̇on in rats of calvarium

Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is an important technique used to regenerate lost tissues. Various materials are used to reconstruct periodontal tissues such as cement, periodontal ligament (PDL), and bone. In our study, new bone formation in GTR, which was performed to evaluate the effects of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), enamel matrix-derived protein and bone graft, was examined. For this purpose, the subjects were randomized, Control group (n=13), PRF group (n=13), PRF and Bone Graft group (n=13), Emdogain (EMD) (n=13), Emdogain and Bone Graft group (BG) (n=13), Bone Graft group (n=13) and the group in which PRF, Emdogain and Bone Graft were applied (n=13). A group (n=36) was also formed to obtain PRF. Titanium domes were placed on the calvarial bones of the subjects and they were sacrificed after 3 months. Bone samples taken from the subjects were evaluated histologically in terms of newly formed bone amount, osteoblast-osteoclast amount, angiogenesis and fibrosis, and bone formation was examined immunohistochemically with OPG-RANKL staining kits. In our study, IBM SPSS Statistics 22 (IBM SPSS, Turkey) program was used for statistical analysis. PRF group was found to be statistically higher than PRF and BG, EMD and BG, PRF, EMD and BG groups in terms of moderate new bone formation (p<0.05). In terms of moderate bone formation, the EMD group was statistically higher than the PRF, EMD and BG groups (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of high level bone formation (p>0.05). The amounts of osteoblasts and osteoclasts were not statistically different between the groups (p>0.05). When fibrosis and angiogenesis were examined, no significant difference was found between the groups (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the OPG-RANKL staining and OPG/RANKL ratio groups (p>0.05). In our study, it can be said that the use of PRF, Emdogain and bone grafts to increase bone formation in directed tissue regeneration gives positive results. Key words: PRF, emdogain, xsenograft, guided tissue regeneration.