Evaluation of PRP (platelet-rich plasma) and I-PRF (injectable platelet-rich fibrin) applications following arthrocentesis in patients with displacement without reduction: A randomized clinical trial

Objective: In our study, we aim to compare the clinical efficacy of arthrocentesis alone and arthrocentesis followed by intra-articular injections of I-PRF and PRP in patients with displacement whitout reduction of the TMJ(Temporomandibular Joint) Materials and Methods: This prospective, randomized clinical study included a total of 48 patients over the age of 18 who met the inclusion criteria and were diagnosed with displacement without reduction based on the DC/TMD Decision Tree criteria. Prior to the procedure, patients were randomly assigned into three groups: Group 1 underwent arthrocentesis alone, Group 2 received intra-articular injections of injectable platelet-rich fibrin (I-PRF) following arthrocentesis, and Group 3 received intra-articular injections of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) after arthrocentesis. Clinical evaluations were conducted using the SF-12 Quality of Life Scale. In addition, maximum mouth opening, ipsilateral/contralateral mandibular movements, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores, temporomandibular joint sounds findings were assessed. All parameters were evaluated and compared at baseline (pre-treatment), and at the 1st, 3rd, and 6th months post-treatment Results: In all three groups, post-procedural improvements were observed in maximal mouth opening and ipsilateral/contralateral mandibular movements, along with reductions in pain and temporomandibular joint sounds. However, when comparing arthrocentesis alone to arthrocentesis combined with different types of autologous blood products, no statistically significant superiority was found among the treatment modalities in terms of symptom improvement. Conclusion: Arthrocentesis, as well as its combination with I-PRF or PRP, was found to be effective in increasing maximal mouth opening and reducing pain in the treatment of displacement whitout reduction. However, it was concluded that there was no statistically significant difference among the three treatment modalities Keywords: Arthrocentesis, Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin, TMJ, Maximum Mouth Opening, Platelet-Rich Plasma, VAS