The effect of different doses of organic manures on agronomic yield and some quality properties of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.)

This study was conducted to determine the effects of different doses of cow and sheep manures applied on the yield and some quality characteristics of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.) in Bursa - Iznik climate conditions in 2020 year. The experiment was established with three replications according to the Randomized Blocks Design. In this study, fennel was grown at 4 different doses (750, 1500, 2250 and 3000 kg/da) of cow and sheep and control (without fertilizer) conditions. In the study, plant yield values were found as plant height (73,63-81,48 cm), number of branches per plant (4,94-5,61 number), number of umbrellas (18,31-20,17 number/plant), number of umbrellas (292,53-329,52 number/umbel) thousand fruit weight (6,61-7,41 g), fruit yield (53,04 -79,91 kg/da). Biological yield (600,02-844,67 kg/da), harvest index (8,54-11,68%), essential oil rate (2,88-3,27%), essential oil yield (1,68-2,42 l/da) and fatty oil rate (14,71- 25,38%) were determined. The essential oil components were determined as t-anethole (32,54-42,51%), camphore (18,55-20,93%), limonene (10,12-16,18%) and anisaldehyde (2,47-14,08%). Fatty acids was determined as petroselinic acid (16,95-65,93%), capric acid (4,24-48,36%), linolenic acid (1,9-17,05%) and cis 4.7.10.13.16.19-docosahexaenoic acid (1,93-14,79%). According to results obtained from the study, it was seen that manures of cow and sheep was effective on many yield values. In addition, it can be recommended that 2250 kg/da cow manure dose application in terms of yield, and 2250 kg/da and 1500 kg/da sheep manure doses can be applied for essential oil main component and fatty acids, respectively.