Investigation of antioxidants enzyme and lipid peroxidation levels at blood and liver tissue of ruminants

93 SUMMARY In the present study, erythrocyte and liver antioxidant enzymes GSH-Px and CAT; plasma and liver MDA concentration, an indicator of lipid peroxidation; clinically important AST, ALT, and ALP enzyme activities in the liver and serum; liver protein, blood hemoglobin, and PVC concentrations of ruminants in Elazığ and its vicinity were investigated. In addition, species and sex factors were also compared. Samples were obtained in the Elazığ ELET slaughter house from healthy ruminants determined based upon postmortem examination. The ruminants were divided into 3 groups as cattle, sheep, and goats, also into 2 subgroups as males and females. The Beutler's method was used for measuring activities of CAT and GSH-Px; the method of Reitman and Frankel for activities of AST and ALT; the Bessey, Lowry and Brock methods for ALP activity; a modified method of Satoh and Yagi for plasma concentration of MDA; the Ohkawa et al. method for tissue MDA concentration; the Lowry method for protein concentration; and siyanomethemoglobin method for concentration of hemoglobin. Species differences were observed for erythrocyte CAT; serum AST, ALT and ALP activities; and plasma MDA; blood hemoglobin, and PVC concentrations; but species differences were not found for erythrocyte GSH-Px activity. Liver samples of different species were also detected for GSH-Px, CAT, AST, ALT, and ALP activities, as well as MDA and protein concentrations. Cattle had the greatest CAT activity and liver GSH-Px activity, whereas goats had the greatest MDA plasma and liver concentration. Sheep also had the greatest liver CAT activity. Sex differences within species manifested itself on erythrocyte GSH-Px and CAT activities, serum AST, ALT, and ALP activities, also liver GSH-Px and ALT activities of cattle. Erythrocyte GSH-Px activity in cattle was higher in males, whereas erythrocyte CAT activity and liver GSH-Px activity were found to be greater in females. In sheep, sex differences were seen on erythrocyte CAT activity, serum AST, ALT, and ALP activities; blood concentrations of hemoglobin and PVC; liver tissue activities of GSH-Px, CAT, and AST; and liver MDA concentrations. Erythrocyte CAT activity and liver MDA concentrations of rams while liver GSH-Px and CAT activities of sheep were greater. In addition, sex differences in goats were observed on erythrocyte activities of GSH-Px and CAT; serum AST and ALP activities; liver GSH-Px, CAT and AST activities, and liver protein concentrations.94 Female goats had significantly greater both erythrocyte and liver GSH-Px and CAT activities. Comparison of intra and inter species showed that species and sex have effects on these parameters in different degrees. Results ot this study suggested that discrepancy of antioxidant levels between species and sexes may be due to a different response of different species to the same environment, as well as due to the presence of different oxidation mechanisms or the presence of endogenous antioxidant influencing H2O2 that different erythrocyte and liver concentrations. In conclusion, the parameters measured herein provide important tools and bases for preventive medicine, control of animal health, as well as early diagnosis contributing to the development of the country's agriculture.