Identification of predominant lactic acid bacteria isolated from salgam beverage and improvement of its production technique

In this study, the predominant lactic acid bacteria during the fermentation of salgam beverage were isolated and identified and the most promising lactic acid bacteria for industrial usage as starter culture were selected. Salgam beverages were produced using various production methods and the best production technique among them was selected. Salgam beverage was made by the selected method and experiments were done to increase its shelf life. During the experiments, chemical, physical, microbiological and sensory analyses were carried out.According to the results obtained, the most dominant lactic acid bacterium isolated from shalgam beverages made in the department and plants in industry using traditional (Dough fermentation and carrot fermentation) methods and direct method without dough fermentation was Lactobacillus (Lb.) plantarum. Lb. plantarum was followed by Lb. brevis and Lb. paracasei subsp. paracasei. Unlike them, the bacteria of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Lb. fermentum, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lb. buchneri, Lb. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii, Pediococcus pentosaceus were also isolated.Lactic acid bacteria for industrial usage as starter culture were Lb. plantarum and Lb. paracasei subsp. paracasei isolated from experiments made in the department and Lb. fermentum isolated from the experiment performed in the large scale production plant in industry.To determine the best production technique, salgam beverages were produced using traditional method, direct without dough fermentation method and inoculated with the starter cultures of Lb. plantarum, Lb. fermentum and Lb. paracasei subsp. paracasei. In the products, general chemical and physical composition and organic acids, flavour and anthocyanin, microbiological and sensory analyses were done. Among the salgam beverages, the sample produced by the addition of Lb. plantarum was the most preferred one.For the experiments to prolong the shelf life, salgam beverage was produced again with the most preferred method using Lb. plantarum as starter culture and the salgam beverage were divided into two parts. One part was used as control sample without filtration and the other part was sterile filtrated. Filtrated and unfiltrated (Control) samples were bottled and were stored at 4oC and 20oC for 2,4 and 6 months. During the storage, changes in chemical, physical, microbiological and sensory properties were examined. According to the results obtained, salgam beverages could be stored at 4oC without filtration and at 4oC and 20oC with filtration for 6 months.