Immunological and histopathological evaluation of the effect of locally applied concentrated growth factor and dexamethasone on inferior alveolar nerve injury in rats

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to compare the local applications of concentrated growth factor and dexamethasone used in the treatment of nerve injuries caused by traumatic factors, and to investigate the efficacy of the treatment. Method: Thirty-six Wistar Albino rats were used. Following extraction of the mandibular first molar tooth of each rat, nerve traumatization was provided from the extraction socket, the concentrated growth factor obtained from the blood taken from the rats and dexamethasone were applied locally to the experimental groups. On the 3rd day after the surgery, half of the animals in the experimental groups were sacrificed and samples were taken for immunological/histopathological examination. The rats that remained at the end of 30 days were also sacrificed and samples were taken for immunological/histopathological studies. The neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), neurofilament-H (NF-H) and anti-Tau primer antibodies values were measured to examine the effect of local applications and results evaluated with the Histological Injury Severity Score (HISS). In addition, the difference between the 3rd and 30th days was evaluated statistically. Results: According to HISS results, CGF 30th day results were found to be significant compared to dexamethasone 30th day. Dexamethasone 30th day results were found to be significant compared to control 30th day. Also control 30th day results were found to be significant compared to control 3rd day. When the groups were evaluated among themselves on the 3rd and 30th days, although there was a decrease in HISS, no significant results were found except for the control group. As a result of Immune Positivity Score examination, nNOS, NF-H and anti-Tau positivity in CGF 30th day result were significant compared to 30th day of dexamethasone. Dexamethasone 30th day nNOS and NF-H positivity score were found to be significant compared to the control 30th day. Conclusion: When the data obtained as a result of this study were examined, results parallel to the positive effects of CGF and dexamethasone in the literatüre was obtained. In the HISS results, the CGF groups were found to be superior to the dexamethasone groups. Similarly, immunopathological examination showed that CGF groups had a more positive effect on nerve regeneration than dexamethasone group.