Schizochytrium sp. mikroalginden biyokütle üretimi ve üretilen biyokütlenin içeriğinin tayini

Biotechnology has been working for the goods of livings in order to develop procceses and products for years. Human well-being takes the first place through these studies especially the production of essential metabolic molecules. Omega fatty acids are one of those significant molecules and getting more attraction at last decades. The process of obtaining these fatty acids from microalgae instead of cold marine fishes is a populer topic as well. There are many species metabolizing these omega fatty acids for example Crypthecodinium cohnii, Schizochytrium sp and Nannochloropsis sp. Schizochytrium sp. was known to belong fimgi family but then substituted to under Thraustochytrids family as heterekont algae with the help of modern genetic and molecular methods. This alga produce high amount of DHA, which is an essential fatty acid for our metabolism. The current source of this polyunsaturated fatty acid is cold marine fishes but this system has many deficiencies like not being sustainable and environmentally friendly. In this study, all the experiments were conducted to produce a high amount of Schizochytrium sp. microalgae biomass and so to obtain fatty acids within this one cell organism. The aim of the study was to develop a sustainable, environmentally friendly, scalable and non-toxic process in order to growth Schizochytrium sp. to obtain omega fatty acids. There are heterotrophic and phototrophic algae metabolising high amount of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates. Phototrophic algae production was populer at the beginings because the sun energy and salty water were free sources in the production processes. But then it was realised that the amount of biomass and lipid content was very low. Also this system dependent to sun and other environmental factors. This means that system has negative points as the fish based systems. Therefore, the heterotrophic methods are designed and many microalgae species are isolated which are able to grow heterotrophically and can produce high amounts of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates. In this study Schizochytrium sp was acquired from ATCC and then stock cultures were prepared, one for seed stock and the others for working stocks. Two-stage growth method was used, firstly the main stock was inoculated to a complex medium for 48 hours under 25o C and then those cells were inoculated to defined mediums. Lastly, these cells were incubated for 48 hours and then the resulting content was centrifuged to obtain the biomass produced. This biomass was dryed then the resulting biomass is weighted. Then this biomass was smashed and subjected to hexane extraction in order to obtain the oil. Additionally, nile red staining also processed to quantify the total oil. Results showed that a large-scale production method could be implemented with fermenter conditions to produce high amount of biomass and lipids.