The effect of different carbonization conditions on the characteristics of carbon support material produced from peach seeds

Activated carbon was obtained by applying chemical activation process to the peach kernel shells used as the agricultural by-product, raw material source of the thesis study. In this study, the raw materials were carbonization at 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 and 800oC temperatures at nitrogen atmosphere (100 ml/ min.). Carbonized solid product and raw material H3PO4 and KOH were impregnated at a certain ratio (1/1, 1/2, 1/3 and 1/4) to perform chemical activation process. Structural properties such as pore volumes and pore distributions of activated carbons obtained with different chemical and impregnation ratios were determined by BET surface area. As a result of measurements made with BET device, it is seen that the activated carbon obtained by adsorption of the carbonized solid product at 400°C at 1:4 with potassium hydroxide and activated at 800°C has the largest surface area (2091.97 m2/g). Elemental analysis, FT-IR, XRD and SEM analyzes were performed to determine the structural properties of activated carbons. Adsorption capacity of all activated carbons synthesized at 500 ppm was determined. Kinetic tests were carried out at different temperatures (303K, 313K, 323K) with methylene blue dye for 700 ppm and activated carbon (SA59 code) with the largest surface area. In order to determine the adsorption isotherms, Lagmuir and Freundlich equations were calculated and Lagmuir isotherm was found to be appropriate. As a result, observed that the methylene blue adsorption kinetics of SA59 activated carbon was suitable for the pseudo-second model the activation energy of the system was calculated. Activated carbon has been proved that it is effective in the adsorption of methylene blue in the particle diffusion. In addition, thermodynamic values of enthalpy (∆H °), entropy (∆S°) and free energy change (∆G°) were calculated for different temperatures (303 K, 313 K, 323 K).