On the ethical dimensions of secular economics and Islamic economics: Ali Shariati's criticism of capitalism

The main purpose of this thesis is to examine the moral background shaped by the concept of "homo economicus" in the historical development of economic science. The moral dimensions of the science of economics are questioned through the human perception revealed in this process. The hedonist presented by the current economic understanding in the study, a distinction is made on the concept of 'secular economics' and 'Islamic economics' over the concept of rational human that maximizes rent. Through this understanding, the concept of human and morality envisaged by Islam is compared with the understanding envisaged by modern economics. In this process, the Iranian sociologist Ali Shariati's moral critique of capitalism is examined in comparison with western thought through concepts. In this study, in the face of modern science thought and the definition by economics, human as a moral being such as 'homo economicus' and 'animal rationabile, concept of 'ashraf-I mahlukat' and its 'isar' is emphasized.