Examination of female patients with cemento osseous dysplasia for the risk of osteoporosis

The aim of this thesis is to determine whether there are differences in osteoporosis markers between individuals with SOD lesions and those without. It is hypothesized that signs of osteoporosis might manifest as SOD in the mandibular or maxillary bones before general systemic signs of osteoporosis appear, and this study aims to investigate the potential utility of these findings for early diagnosis of osteoporosis. The study included 65 women with cemento-osseous dysplasia and 65 healthy women, aged between 30-60 years. DEXA measurements, an osteoporotic marker, were obtained from three regions: femoral neck, total femur, and L1-L4 vertebra, and the BMD, BMC, t, and z scores were recorded. Mandibular cortical thickness (MCT), panoramic mandibular index (PMI), mandibular cortical index (MCI), and fractal dimension analysis (FDA) were evaluated using panoramic radiographs obtained in our clinic. For metric variables, an independent samples t-test was applied to data with a normal distribution, while the Mann-Whitney U test was used for data not following a normal distribution. The chi-square test was employed for non-metric (categorical) variables. Finally, due to the multiple hypotheses in our research, Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) correction was applied, setting the significance threshold at 0.05. There was no significant difference in osteoporotic markers (vitamin D, DEXA) between women with cemento-osseous dysplasia and the control group. Similarly, no significant differences were found in PMI and FDA values between the cemento-osseous dysplasia and control groups. However, MCT and MCI levels were significantly lower in patients with cemento-osseous dysplasia compared to the control group. To our knowledge, apart from this study, no study has been found that DEXA measurement, vitamin D level, FBA and PMI measurement in patients with SOD. The fact that CCT and MCI levels in the SOD group were significantly lower than in the control group supports our hypothesis in terms of mandibular bone structure. However, the similarity of DEXA and vitamin D values between the groups shows that the osteoporotic changes occurring in the mandibular bone do not affect the bone structures in other parts of the body, at least for the age group we investigated. Keywords: Dexa, Osteoporosis, Vitamin D