Improvement of pyroplastic behavior and semi-finished strength in ceramic sanitary ware

Ceramic sanitary ware (SSG), the main products used in humid environments, with low water absorption, hygienic usage and high impacte resistance are the materials which are sink, toilet bowl, urinal, bidet and shower tray. This group ceramics is obtained by mixing raw materials such as clay, kaolin, feldspar and quartz in certain proportions, making them into a liquid slurry, shaping them in gypsum molds and baking at high temperatures. Due to the large size of the ceramic sanitary ware and the complexity of the shapes, it is expected that at least during the service life the minimum strength of the pyroplastic deformation will occur during firing at high temperatures. In this study, an application has been made in the area of ceramic sanitary ware to increase the strength of semi-finished products and to improve pyroplastic behaviour. New compositions have been created to increase the strength and deformation of the products in semi-finished form. For this purpose, the rates of imported products were decreased and the K2O ratio was increased in the recipe of new products for ceramic sanitary ware prepared in laboratory conditions. In addition, ceramic fracture was added to increase the strength in the semi-finished product. In the study, the addition of potassium feldspar and the increase of K2O ratio in the prescription gave a reduction in pyroplastic behavior. Water absorption, total shrinkage and deformation changes were investigated in new recipes. As a result, with the new ceramic sanitary ware recipe obtained, the tendency of the body to pyroplastic deformation is decreased by 7.5% and the production costs will be reduced by 35% improvement in semi-finished product strength.