The effects of immediate and early skin to skin contact applied between mother and newborn after cesarean on mother's breastfeeding, anxiety, bleeding and newborn health in the first 24 hours

This study was carried out as an experimental study to determine the effects of immediate and early skin-to-skin contact (ssc) applied between mother and newborn after cesarean on breasfeeding, anxiety, bleeding and newborn health in the first 24 hours. The application of the study carried out in the cesarean operating room and gynecology services of a private hospital. The required institutional permission and ethics committee approval was received. The sample consisted of 92 mother-infant couples totally, 30 of whom selected to immediate skin-to-skin contact (ISSC), 29 of whom selected to early skin-to-skin contact (ESSC), 33 of whom selected to the control group. The data was collected using Prenatal and postnatal data collection form, Breastfeeding Assessment Tool Scale (IBFAT), The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Maternal and newborn follow-up chart for the first 24 hours postpartum. In ISSC group, skin contact was applied within the first 5 minutes after cesarean, and applied to the ESSC group at an average of 51,48±9,81 minutes after cesarean, and skin contact lasted 40 minutes. The data stored in the SPSS 24 program. In the analysis of the data, Independent Sample-t test, ANOVA test, Paired Sample-t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Wilcoxon test, Bonferroni correction, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficient and χ2 test used. In statistical analysis, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of IBFAT-first breastfeeding score (p> 0.05), IBFAT-24th hour breastfeeding score of the ISSC group was significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05). It was determined that the difference between the groups was not significant in terms of the average state anxiety scale score applied at the 3rd hour after birth (p>0.05). It was found that the anxiety levels of mothers were low in all groups. It was determined that the body temperature of the newborns in the ISSC group was significantly higher than the newborns in the control group (p<0.05). No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of heart rate, respiratory rate and peripheral oxygen saturation of the newborns (p>0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of crying status of newborns, postpartum blood glucose level at the second hour, weight loss, urine and feces output, and the amount of bleeding of mothers in 24 hours (p>0.05). As a result of study, ISSC had a positive effect on the 24th hour breastfeeding score and body temperature of the newborns, it had no effect on the anxiety and bleeding of the mothers and newborns who were applied ISSC started sucking earlier.