Investigation of presence of bovine herpesvirus Type-1 in bovine pneumonia with immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) methods and pathological findings

Aim: In this study was aimed to determine of the presence and the prevalence of Bovine Herpesvirus I with immunohistochemical, immunofluorescent staining methods and Antigen ELISA test in lung samples of cattle cut in slaughter in Erzurum province. In addition, these three methods were compared statistically and their usability was evaluated in laboratory and on field conditions. Material and Method: A total of 1023 cattle cuts were observed in this study. Macroscopically, 120 lungs (%11.73) observed pneumonia were collected. Routine histopathological staining, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining of the collected tissues were carried out in Atatürk University Veterinary Faculty Pathology Department. Antigen ELISA test was carried out in Virology laboratory too. Findings: As a result of macroscopic and microscopic examinations, pneumonia observed in lungs were classified as bronchopneumonia (Catarrhal-Suppurative, Fibrinous), interstitial pneumonia, embolic pneumonia, granulomatous pneumonia. In the present study, 6.7% catarrhal-suppurative bronchopneumonia, 5% fibrinous bronchopneumonia, 84.1% interstitial pneumonia, 4.2% granulomatous pneumonia were encountered, embolic pneumonia was not observed. According to IHC, IF and antigen ELISA methods, BoHV-1 positivity was found in 48.33%, 50.83% and 29.9%, respectively. Pozitivities were mostly encountered in the alveolar macrophages, in the cytoplasm of bronchial, bronchiol and alveolar epithelial cells, around bronchial and bronchiolal, in interstitial area, exudative inflammatory cells in IHC and IF methods. Statistically, IHC and antigen ELISA were different from IF in terms of diagnosis, but as compared to antigen ELISA , IHC is more reliable method in laboratory and field conditions. Result: When the findings are evaluated, various diagnostic methods have been shown that BoHV-1 is commonly observed in bovine pneumonia and has an important place in respiratory system disease complex. Key words: Antigen ELISA, BoHV-1, Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence, Pneumonia