Critique of the working ideology that rationalizes the appearance of poverty in cinema

This thesis investigates "how" labor ideology being in the center of the modern communities has been discursively founded especially in the American Cinema. Therefore, the first chapter of the thesis is dedicated to conceptual definition of labor ideology. In this respect, perception of labor activities in various communities is given with a dialectic historical examination. It is revealed that labor activities in communities where a market economy did not exist and in Ancient Greek communities were interpreted in a completely different way than the modern communities, and were not at the center of the community life. Similarly, it is also shown that labor activities in the European communities under reign of feudalism were restricted due to religious and moral reasons. However, it is revealed that market economy which became dominant in 18th century created a new ideological system related to labor activities. Ways of reflecting this ideological system to the World Cinema and general appearance of its negative criticism in the American Cinema is examined at the end of the first chapter. Since the American Cinema is a dominant position in terms of directing the culture and industrial power, the American Cinema is studied in other chapters of the thesis. The second chapter of the thesis focuses on the negative criticism of the labor ideology in creation of the Independent American Cinema and sample movies.It is revealed that the negative criticism about the labor ideology led to an innovation with respect to cinematic creativity as well as creation of new discourses by the components of the content in the movies. It is shown that matters and characters pushed out of the culture in terms of labor ideology were evaluated with a new perspective in the mainstream movies. The third and last chapter of the thesis studies the different approaches to establishment of labor ideology in mainstream movies. The thesis in general with this chapter reveals different orientations of the American Cinema, perception, representation and establishing discourse of the implicit values in the working ideology in a multi-perspective way.