Sitagliptin treatment is applied in experimental obesity modelanalysis of GLP-1 gene expression in different tissues

Obesity is the fifth biggest risk factor among diseases worldwide and Turkey is the third country with the highest obesity rate. There are many diseases accompanying obesity. For this reason, molecular and genetic mechanisms that cause obesity and will reverse obesity should be revealed. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucosedine-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) are the major incretins involved in glucose regulation and are secreted to stimulate insulin secretion. GLP-1 suppresses glucagon levels, delays gastric emptying and increases satiety. The in vivo effects of GLP-1 and GIP are short-lived due to the rapid degradation and suppression of these hormones by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). The DPP-4 inhibitors vildagliptin and sitagliptin are oral agents currently approved and in development for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in many countries. In this study, expression levels of the GLP-1 gene, which is a positive regulator of insulin secretion in muscle, liver and adipose tissue; The tissue groups divided into Obese, Obese + Sitagliptin Control, Control + Sitagliptin groups were investigated using quantitative real-time PCR method. Tissues of 24 of 32 wistar albino rats were used in our study. Gene expression levels were analyzed by performing total RNA isolation and cDNA synthesis with tissue samples. The obtained results were statistically evaluated using the qiagen data analysis system and based on the Student's t test. According to our research results, we found that the obese+sitagliptin GLP-1 gene expression level was increased in the liver tissue compared to the obese group and this difference was statistically significant (p=0.02), when K+Stg-Ob was compared in liver tissue; We found a 12.52-fold significant increase in GLP-1 gene expression (p=0.01). There was no significant difference in gene expression levels in muscle and adipose tissue groups, and it is thought that the reason may be due to individual differences or other factors. As a result, examining the expression level of the GLP-1 gene, which is the transcriptional regulator of the mechanism of stimulation of insulin secretion using sitagliptin therapy in obesity, will contribute to a better understanding of the underlying events of obesity and how sitagliptin therapy can be targeted in obesity.