The problem of belief in God in the context of objective-subjective truth debate in Soren Kierkegaard's philosophy

Kierkegaard, one of the important existential philosophers of the 19th century, is a philosopher who has passions to live for with his naive principles reflected in his life story. His philosophy was shaped by the fact that he received a strict and prescriptive Christian education, the society he lived in, and his passionate belief in God. His originality in the philosophy of existence carried him beyond his time. The aim of this study, which is carried out in this direction, is to examine the constructive power of the subjective truth understanding, which is at the basis of Kierkegaard's existentialism, against objectivity, through human types in the fields of existence, and to reveal the understanding of faith that can be lived with the preservation of subjectivity. In this direction, the study consists of an introduction and two main parts. The basic information necessary for his criticism of objectivity and his defense of subjectivity to be understandable are presented by referring to his life, works, and place in existentialism. The first part of the study discussed the criticism of objectivity and the interest in objective truth that shaped Enlightenment thought to pose a threat to the subject and its subjectivity. These criticisms were detailed around Hegel's systems philosophy, which was influential in the widespread acceptance of objective truth, and the Lutheran church, which ignored the subjectivity of belief and reflected the Christian understanding of the period. He almost tried to prove that people's belief values should be original and individual. In the last chapter, it is discussed that the relationship between God and human beings, which is the focus of Kierkegaard's philosophy, is a subjective issue that each individual will experience with their interiority. The effect of subjective truth in realizing existence was evaluated through human types in aesthetic, ethical, and religious existence, and then the belief in the field of religious existence, where subjectivity is most evident, and the most valuable existence is realized; The relationship with the concepts of hopelessness, anxiety, passion, and surrender was examined. As a result, this study will be a source that can be accessed in an organized manner to the criticisms of Hegel and the Lutheran church, which represents the Enlightenment, and to the concepts discussed in the defense of subjective truth. The original aspect of the thesis will be to evaluate Kierkegaard's criticisms of the system, apart from dealing with the main concepts such as faith, passion, and existence in previous studies. Keywords:Kierkegaard, Objectivity, Subjectivity, Faith, Existentialism, Christianity.