Sosyo-ekonomik risk grubu annelerinin duygusal ulaşılabilirliği, çocuğun olumsuz duygusallığı ve anne duygu sosyalleşmesi arasındaki ilişki

Parental emotion socialization is an important aspect of parent-child relationship. Child characteristics (e.g., temperamental negative emotionality), parent characteristics (e.g., general parenting practices), and socio-economic status (SES) of the family play role in parents' emotion socialization processes. In this study, I aim to examine the relationship between maternal emotion socialization, maternal emotional availability that encompasses mother's sensitivity, structuring, non-intrusiveness, and non-hostility and child negative emotionality in a low SES group in İstanbul, Turkey. One hundred and two mothers (Mage = 30.44 years, SD = 4.7) and their 11-38 months old toddlers (Mage = 23.25 months, SD = 6.7) participated a 2-hour long home-visit. During the home observations, mothers were given toys and asked to play with their children for 10-minutes. In the final hour, they were given a questionnaire pack including Coping with Toddler's Negative Emotions Scale (CTNES; Spinrad, et al., 2004) and Emotionality Activity Sociability Temperament Survey (EAS; Buss, et. al., 1984). Video-recorded 10-minutes free-play sessions were coded for Emotional Availability Scales (EAS; Biringen, 2008) by two certificated reliable coders. The results showed that maternal non-intrusiveness was positively related to expressive encouragement reactions and non-hostility was positively correlated with emotion-focused reactions. But other dimensions of maternal emotional availability were not related to maternal emotion socialization. Also, child negative emotionality negatively predicted distress emotion socialization reactions after controlling for maternal education level. More than half of the mothers (n=60) are rated in the complicated categorical zone in EAS which carries anxious attachment style characteristics (Biringen, 2008). In the complicated zone, non-hostility was positively related to both emotion and problem focused emotion socialization reactions. Also, non-intrusiveness was positively correlated with emotion-focused reactions. These findings support that child negative emotionality may play a crucial role in the distress reactions of mothers. Also, mothers' non-intrusive and non-hostile behaviours may enable them to accept children's negative emotions more and respond accordingly. Findings of the current study are discussed, and how they can guide intervention programs are covered.