Spielberger sınav kaygı ölçeği Türkçe formunun psikometrik özelliklerinin yeniden incelenmesi

The initial adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Turkish version of the Spielberger Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) were completed about 40 years ago and since then it has been widely used. This study aimed to re-evaluate the validity and reliability properties of the inventory. A total of 1 706 participants who were post-high school graduates or students at middle school, high school, or university participated. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) supported the two-factorial structure of the original inventory, named as Worry and Emotionality subscales. Significant relationships of the TAI with other anxiety tools provided evidence-based validity. Nevertheless, academic motivation was not found related to test anxiety. Test anxiety levels of preparatory students who were to take a high stakes English proficiency exam and freshman students were comparable. However, post-high school graduates who were to retake the university exam demonstrated higher test anxiety levels compared to 12th-grade students. Although students who paid regular visits to school counseling services did not have higher total test anxiety scores, their Worry scores tended to be high. Cronbach's alpha coefficients indicated high internal consistencies. Test-retest correlations obtained from 50 participants over three weeks' interval indicated high stabilities. Overall, findings suggested that the Turkish version of the TAI remains as a valid and reliable tool for measuring test anxiety levels of middle school, high school, and university students.