Time to understand the side effects of supplements used in sports: Micro analysis of case reports

Aim: The aim of this systematic review was to elaborate on the severe side effects of sports supplements and this sport supplement's details. It's thought that this study will be support the level of consciousness and awareness on the sport supplements users (individuals who exercise or sportsman to contribute to their own athletic performance). Material and Method: In this systematic review study, the PRISMA statement was taken as an example. In order to scan related reports Cochrane Library, PubMed and Google Scholar databases was used with ''failure in sport supplements'', ''sport supplements case reports'', ''sport supplements case studies'' and ''side effects of sport supplements case report'' phases. Selected studies conform to the PICOS (P: Population, I: Interventions C: Comparisons, O: Outcomes, S: Study Designs) principle. Inclusion criteria for this research; The sample consists of healthy and drug-free individuals who do sports or regular exercise, and open-access, not directly involving the use of prohibited substances, full text case reports and series in English. A total of 18,097 articles were reached, 25 studies that met inclusion criteria were included in this study. Results: 19 case reports and 6 case series reporting a total of 39 cases were included. It has been determined that sports supplements cause to excessive elevation of some substances in blood, organs damage and death. Mostly damage the liver and heart, as well as kidney, muscle and brain. It's mentioned in case reports that it causes symptoms such as weakness, abdominal and chest pain, cramps, tachycardia and cause damages without showing any symptoms. Potential ingredients responsible for all deaths are DMAA and caffeine. According to recommended amount, the most overrated potential ingredient is caffeine, with an average of 26 times overdose rate in death reports. OxyELIT Pro is one of the sports supplement that causes organ damage. Another sports supplements responsible for the deaths are Caffeine Anhydrous and Jack 3d. Conclusion: Inappropriate use of sports supplements, which are frequently sold on the internet, not approved by authority institutions pose some vital risks such as changes in blood plasma, organ damage and death. It's thought that the data obtained in this study can support the level of consciousness and awareness of consumers about this topic and it can help determine the interventions to reduce the risk of side effects related to the use of sports supplements Key words: Sportsman, Supplements, Case Report, Side Effect.