Suggestions for Designing Sustainable Touristic Resort Complexes: With Emphasis on Static Cooling in Hot and Dry Climates

ABSTRACT: Thinkers believe that one of the critical issues in present century is achieving a suitable life, observing the limitations and compatible with the optimum use of energy resources. Due to this idea, on the threshold of the third millennium, achieving the goals of sustainable development in order to solve the environmental crises, economical consumption of energy and creating sustainable economics has changed to the base of planning and managing in many countries. Considering this issue is very substantial in Architecture and Urbanism and especially in human residential places. However, energy as the most important foundations of economic sustainable development, has not yet achieved the function and position proportional to its importance and efficiency in national and local development plans of Iran. The biggest amount of energy in the world is specified to the buildings; half of this amount is consumed for heating and cooling. Considering the fact that more than 2/3 of surface area of Iran is covered with desert and half-desert lands with a hot and dry climate, and one of the substantial factors for providing constructional comfort in desert regions is cooling, so designing the sustainable touristic resort complex with the approach to the methods of creating sustainable cooling in these regions is very efficient in reducing energy consumption and the expenses related to mechanical utilities. In the present research, following the study of the methods for cooling in hot regions, the principles of designing residential resort complexes with the purpose of accessing to the process of designing the sustainable resort and tourist complex in hot and dry region is offered. The presented materials are collected through the library studies, referring to internet sites, etc. The research opens with some generalities concerning the importance of the subject of sustainable cooling in hot and dry regions. After studying the texts related to this subject, the theoretical fundamentals of sustainability in ecological complexes, including the crises of modern development, formation of sustainable development and specifications of sustainable ecological complexes are presented by an approach to sustainable cooling in hot regions in three scales of city, neighborhood and building. According to the presented methods and solutions in the third chapter, the principles of designing sustainable touristic resort complexes with an approach to the subject of sustainable cooling particularly in hot and dry regions (desert lands) of Iran are explained in details as the principles of designing. And finally, conclusions of the research in the form designing sustainable resort and tourist complexes are presented in a way that the methods suggested to be used in the studied regions would be the most common methods of providing sustainable cooling for constructional comfort. Keywords: Sustainable Development, Sustainable Tourism, Sustainable Cooling, Modern Development crisis, Eco tourism, Thermal Comfort ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………