The Investigation of Mineralogical-Petrographical and Geochemical of Alteration Zones and Stream Sediments In The West of Şuhut District (Afyonkarahisar)

In this thesis, it is aimed to investigate the characteristics of the alteration zones in the volcanic rock, metamorphic rock and stream sediments in the west of Şuhut district (Afyonkarahisar) with the help of mineralogical-petrographic and geochemical features. Paleozoic aged metamorphic rocks form the basis of the project area. Middle Miocene aged volcano-sedimentary and volcanic rocks overlie the basement rocks. In order to determine the mineralogical-petrographic and geochemical properties of the altered rocks and stream sediments, sediment samples were taken from the alteration zones in Çakırözü and Dadak-Koçyatağı locations and from the stream beds close to these areas. Polarizing microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and geochemical analyzes were performed on the samples. Volcanic rocks according to their mineralogical-petrographic properties; It consists of amphibole, biotite, plagioclase, sanidine, quartz and a small amount of dolomite minerals in a glassy matrix. Alteration traces were observed in volcanic glass, plagioclase and biotite crystals in the weathered products of Adatepe andesites. Accordingly, the crystals in question have transformed into smectite minerals in foliar morphology. According to the results of mineralogical-petrographical analyzes of the samples taken, dolomites; primarily, secondary element enrichments were observed along the crack and crystal planes of dolomite (Dol) minerals. This change (enrichment and loss) shows that secondary mineral formations are composed of iron and mica minerals. As a result of placing the volcanic rock and its alteration products on the total alkali-silica (TAS) diagram, it was determined that all samples except M-10 exhibit trachyandesitic composition. Çaltepe dolomites and their weathering products were reported by Melezhik et al. (2008). In the rare earth element graph of the volcanic rock samples normalized to chondrite, light rare earth elements (HREE) were enriched, while intermediate (ONTE) and heavy rare earth elements (ANTE) were lost. The increase in Ni, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations up to 50 times in samples M-11 and M-25 compared to the parent rock indicates the effect of hydrothermal alteration. Maximum SiO2 enrichment and maximum P2O5 loss occurred in Dadak and Koçyatağı dolomites according to the main element contents normalized according to fresh/less weathered dolomites. According to the normalized trace element changes with respect to the bedrock, U and Zr lost maximum, Rb, Sr and Co enriched the most. Cs, on the other hand, can be said to behave immobile. As a result of the alteration of the dolomites, Heavy Rare Earth Elements (HREE) are more difficult to mobilize than Light Rare Earth Elements (LREE).