Irrigation systems and the investigation of the best irrigation system in sap ( GAP ) according to the regional conditions

In this work, the best irrigation system in SAP (GAP) and the applicability of the irrigation methods in the developed countries to SAP (GAP) are investigated. Irrigation is defined as water supply of plants except precipitation. This should be done without giving any harm to the fertility and the structure of soil. Irrigation should also be done well proportioned. Plant-Soil-Water-Human being are the four fundamentals of irrigation. These factors are very important for ideal irrigation and the yielding of the highest production. According to the experts, the irrigation is completed after six processes. These are the regulating the water sources, sending the water to large and small irrigation areas, distributing the water to farmers and the determining the distribution methods, giving the water to the effective root region of plants and determining the methods, the draining of the waste irrigation water and operating the irrigation systems. Meanwhile, the comparison of irrigation methods are made. After being explained SAP (GAP), the irrigation systems are defined and the water and soil sources and the irrigation systems in SAP (GAP) are investigated. The methods and systems utilized in the developed countries particularly in Israel are compared with the methods utilezed in SAP (GAP). Some problems in the irrigation of SAP (GAP) are mentioned due to farmer's habits. The conclusions of the researches made by some official institutions in the test lands of souteastern Anatolia are evaluated.The people and the farmers of the region are talked and many pictures are taken related to the application of irrigation methods. The opinions and the exceptations of the people and the farmers of the region are reported for getting the maximum profit from the project. As a conclusion, some suggestions are made in the light of the evaluation of this research.KEY WORDS: Irrigation, Irrigation Systems, Irrigation Methods, Soil, Water, Irrigation Water, Irrigation Module, Drainage, SAP (Southeastern Anatolia Project), GAP, Great Irrigation Projects in Turkey and the world.