Experimental investigation of the effects of preheated biodiesel usage on engine performance, exhaust emissions and in-cylinder combustion in a single cylinder diesel engine

In this study, ANTOR 3 LD 510 single cylinder diesel engine was utilized. Dynamometer water lines and engine fuel feed lines were assembled. Firstly, the performance and emission tests of the engine were done by using euro-diesel fuel. Then the performance and emission tests for biodiesel, that was produced from waste frying oil with esterification process method by ALBİYOBİR company, were also performed. In order to pre-heat fuel by using waste heat of engine exhaust line, a heat exchanger was designed and produced. There are some studies in the literature, application of preheat process in order to reduce viscosity values of bio-fuels, which are higher than diesel fuel. In this study, the preheating process by using exhaust line heat exchanger was applied on biodiesel fuel produced from waste frying oil. The effects of fuel inlet temperature to the engine performance and emissions were investigated. For different combustion conditions, in-cylinder pressure and gas sampling measurements were performed for diesel and waste frying oil biodiesel fuels. In-cylinder maximum pressure values that were measured by pressure transducer were compared for different operating conditions. Gas samples were taken at different piston positions by using high speed gas sampling system. All in all, it was observed that the waste frying oil biodiesel produced HC and CO emissions less than diesel and higher exhaust temperatures than diesel fuel and so, produced more NOx emissions. In usage of waste frying oil biodiesel, the engine performance values decreased compared to diesel fuel. It was observed that by applying the preheat process to biodiesel fuel positively effects on engine performance and exhaust emissions.Key Words : High Speed Gas Sampling, In-Cylinder Emission and Combustion, Preheating, Biodiesel