Design and implementation of energy-aware routing architecture for wireless sensor networks

In the lights of recent technological developments, compact programmable sensor devices having a wide range of sensing and communication capacity can be designed for obtaining large scale of information on a network and transmitting it to the destination through cooperation methods. The network, which is formed for monitoring the physical and environmental conditions such as temperature, noise, pressure, motion, pollution etc. in different locations, is known as wireless sensor network.Although wireless sensor networks have a wide range of application, the facts that they have limited energy supply, sensor nodes used in the network have limited calculation and communication capacity bring several limitations to the applications. Having limited energy supply directly affects the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. Therefore, the studies on efficient use of wireless sensor networks are highly important.In this study, energy aware routing architecture is suggested for wireless sensor networks. Suggested routing architecture consists of the mechanism required for data transmitting from one source node to the destination node on the wireless sensor networks. In the architectural structure, all potential routes formed by the sensor nodes between the source node and destination node are discovered at first. In the next stage, the most efficient route for the wireless sensor networks is selected in terms of network lifetime and the communication between the source node and target node is established. In the suggested routing architecture, the sustainability of the communication between the source node and the destination node is provided on a new route instead of the one that has lost its efficiency through monitoring the efficiency of the selected route and other routes. Each mechanism in the system has a task for reducing the energy consumption, keeping the energy per successful packet in appropriate levels and extending the network lifetime.In conclusion, energy aware routing architecture in wireless sensor networks suggested in this thesis, is tested both in laboratory and in simulation as well, as a result the success of the developed architecture and all the mechanisms in its structure is verified.