The effects of pine and bitter almond oils on hyperglycemia in type-1 and type-2 diabetes induced rats

In this study, it was investigated that the effects of bitter almond and pine oil on the some biochemical parameters and hyperglycemia in the muscle, liver, kidney, brain and blood tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. For this purpose, total 78 Wistar rats were used in this study. Experimental type-1 and type-2 diabetes has been created via low and high dose streptozotocin given to these rats. After, these rats were randomly divided to seven groups: Nondiabetic control, STZ-Diabetes type-1, STZ-Diabetes type-1+Bitter Almond, STZ-Diabetes type-1+Pine Oil and STZ-Diabetes type-2, STZ-Diabetes type-2+Bitter Almond, STZ-Diabetes type-2+Pine Oil. After determining the occurrence of diabetes, bitter almond and pine oil were intraperitoneally administered for two months, and the effects were measured on the lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, lipophylic vitamins, cholesterol, sterols, fatty acids and hyperglycemia in the target tissues. It was determined that blood glucose level was significantly increased in the type-1 and type-2 groups (P<0.001); its level was significantly decreased in the bitter almond and pine oil given groups (P<0.001). In also, the body weight of rats was increased during this period. It was detected that the lipid peroxidation level was significantly increased in the type-1 and type-2 diabetic groups (P<0.001); the reduced glutathione level was significantly decreased in the same groups (P<0.001); also, reduced glutathione and lipid peroxidation levels were improved as a result of the bitter almond and pine oil administration (P<0.001). When compared to control group, it was determined that the fatty acid composition was significantly changed in all the examined tissues of diabetic groups (P<0.001); also bitter almond and pine oil were prevented some changes in the fatty acid composition and these values were closed to control values in the bitter almond and pine oil given groups (P<0.001).In comparison to control group, it was observed that lipophylic vitamins, cholesterol and sterols levels were significantly changed in the diabetic groups (P<0.001); these biochemical parameters were closed to control group values in the some tissues of the bitter almond and pine oil given groups (P<0.001).