Evaluating the effects of two different probiotics use on oral health in type 2 diabetics (T2DM)

Diabetes Mellitus and oral diseases especially periodontitis are the best examples of noncommunicable diseases, carrying common risk factors and pathogenesis. With their multifunctional roles and mechanism of action, probiotics are regarded as useful and promising in control and prevention of chronic diseases such as diabetes and oral diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of probiotics on oral health serological indicators in GCF, oral microbiota and metabolic markers of the T2 diabetics. The trial was designed as a prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo- controlled interventional study with a significance level of 0,05. Samples were selected from type 2 diabetics aged 30-65 years. The totally 83 patients were assigned to two different probiotics and a placebo groups. At baseline and at the end of the 30 day-probiotic period, all microbiological, serological and biochemical measurements such as fructosamine and CRP, were tested. The study indicated that probiotics containing S.salivarius M18 strain were significantly effective at reducing colony counts of periodontal pathogens and candidas and improving glisemic control of T2DM but not significantly effective at lowering pro-inflammatory cytokines levels. The other probiotics of combined 5 different lactobacillus strains were found significantly efficient at decreasing fructosamine and CRP levels and also powerful at reducing microbiological colonies and pro-inflammatory cytokines in GCF but nonsignificantly. In placebo group there were significant reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines of TNF-alpha and MMP-8 and also in all microbiological colony counts except S.mutans and lactobacilli. In conclusion, within the scope of this study, either probiotics could be used as adjunctive therapy in controlling and preventing oral disease and T2DM.