Serum lipoprotein levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Type 2 DM is an endemic disease in our country and all over the world. It has been reported that dyslipidemia is a common disorder in these group of patients. However lipid profiles can be different in distinct ethnic groups and can be changed with eating habits. There has been few trials about Lp (a) levels in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. In this prospective trial, we investigated serum lipid profiles, Lp (a) levels and metabolic syndrome findings in Type 2 Diabetic Patients who were followed in Endocrinology and Internal Medicine department of Cukurova University between November 2003 and May 2008709 type 2 diabetic patients (407 F, 302 M) and 157 healthy control subjects (91 F,66 M) living in the same region were included in this study. The mean age of patients were 53,4± 9,2 years. We obtained 5cc fasting (12 h) blood sample from all patients to investigate serum lipids. The serums of patients were preserved in refrigerator at +4 centigrade degree celsius and thereafter studied for serum total cholosterol, HDL, LDL, and triglycerides levels by glucose enzymatic calorimetric method and apoB, lipoprotein (a) levels by ECLİA (Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay) method. All patients were measured for height and waist circumference and calculated for body mass index and also investigated for metabolic syndrome by using NCEP ATP III criteria.The BMI value was significantly different in Type 2 Diabetic Patients 30,4±5,3 kg/m2, compared with control group(BMI 29,1±3,9 kg/m2 ) ,(P=0,001). Type 2 Diabetic patients had higher serum cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, TG and apo-B levels and the lesser HDL cholesterol level, compared with control group ( 202,2±41,5 mg/dl (min;98, max;310),118,1±34,7mg/dl (min;60, max;220), 196,9±121,9 mg/dl (min;70, max;514), 92,4±24,5 mg/dl (min;30, max;209), 46,2±13,0 mg/dl, min;24,max;65) (P<0,001, P=0,015, P<0,001, P<0,001, P<0,001 respectively). The level of serum Lipoprotein (a) was similar between with type 2 diabetic patients and control subjects (33,3±46,4 mg/dl, min;0,max;122)(P=0,519). 516 of 709 diabetic patients (%72,9) were diagnosed for Metabolic Syndrome.In this study we found that, serum Lipoprotein (a) levels were not different between type 2 diabetic patients and healty subjects. Lipid profiles of our patients were similar to reported in literature and the prevalance of metabolic syndrome was high as expected .Key Words: Diabetes Mellitus, lipid profiles, Lipoprotein (a), metabolic syndrome