The effects of nutritional education on serum advanced glycation end products, glucose and lipid metabolism and anthropometric parameters in type 2 diabetes individuals

AIM: Diabetes is a disease with an increasing frequency. It is an important step to offer medical nutrition recommendations to individuals, especially in terms of controlling long-term complications. In this context, calorie adjustment, fat, sugar and salt restriction are common methods. Regulation of the advanced glycation end product (AGE) content of foods has also been given importance in recent years. In our study, itis aimed to determine the short and long term metabolic effects of low AGE diet in healthy and diabetic individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 18-65 years old; 30 healthy volunteers and 30 diabetic patients were included in the study. Visits were scheduled for short-term evaluation two weeks after the first interview, and for long-term evaluation three months later. The principles of low-AGE nutrition were explained to the participants and their anthropometric measurements were recorded. Fasting plasma glucose, HbA1C, insulin, 1,5 AG, C-peptide, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, CRP, AGE, methylglyoxal, carboxymethyllysine and sRAGE tests were repeated at each visit.Results were compared between groups and short/long term, based on food consumption records. This work was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Unit of Istanbul University. Project No: TDK-2019-33269 RESULTS: f the participants, 42 (70%) were female and 18 (30%) were male. The mean age was 52.60±9.34 in the diabetes group and 40.20±4.3 years in the control group. In basal measurements, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin, C-peptide, CRP, total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol were higher in the diabetes group; while AGE, CML, MG, and sRAGE were higher in the healthy group (p<0.05). In the short term, weight and body mass index (BMI) decreased in both groups; MG increased and 1-5 AG decreased in patients; AGE, CML, MG and sRAGE decreased in the control group (p<0.05). While CML decreased and MG increased (p<0.05) in patients in the long term, no significant change was found in AGE values in the control group. CONCLUSION: The decrease in the amount of AGE consumed in the diet may affect the metabolic parameters and serum AGE values. More randomized-controlled clinical trials with large simple size are needed to clarify this effect. Keywords: Advanced glycation end products, diabetes, nutrition, diet.