Renal function test on the basis of serum urea and creatinine in male patients with type 2 uncontrolled diabetes

Type 2 diabetes mellitus has rapidly become a global health problem due to rapid population growth, aging, urbanization, and the increasing prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major causes of chronic renal failure. Both serum urea and creatinine are commonly used to assess renal function. In this study, it was aimed to observe renal dysfunction in male patients with uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes and compare it with non-diabetic controls. To determine the incidence of renal dysfunction in diabetic patients, blood samples were collected for serum testing from 100 diabetic males and 50 non-diabetic controls admitted to Al Kindi General Training Hospital, Iraq, Baghdad, between January 1, 2021 and May 31, 2021. Fasting blood glucose, blood urea, serum creatinine, HbA1c and beta trace protein levels were examined in blood samples. Serum urea was determined by the Berthelot method and creatinine by the alkaline Jaffe's Picrate method. The results showed that blood urea and serum creatinine levels were significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes than in non-diabetic patients. A statistically significant increase in urea level was observed with the increase in blood glucose level. HbA1c test results showed that the level of HbA1c was significantly higher in type 2 diabetics as compared to non-diabetics. Besides, the mean values were significantly lower in Serum beta trace protein in the patients' group than in controls. Blood urea and creatinine are widely accepted to assess renal function. Good control of blood glucose levels is an absolute necessity to prevent progressive renal failure.