Phenolic substances of seven endemic sideritis species growing on toros mountains

Sideritis species wide spread in Anatolia and are represented by 55 taxons (ratio of endemism being 78%). Most of the endemic species are used as tea and folk medicine in Anatolia. The activity is attributed to the phenolic substances, volatile oils and diterpenes which are contained. There are many publications especially on the volatile oils and diterpenes of Sideritis species growing in Turkey. On the other hand publications on the phenolic substances are limited. The purpose of this research has been to examine the phenolic substances of 7 Sideritis species (S. argyrea, S. erythrantha subsp. cedretorum, S. congesta, S. condensata subsp. arguta, S. libanotica subsp. linearis, S. libanotica subsp. violascens and S. hololeuca) which are used as tea and folk medicine which grow on Toros Mountains through their water and methanol extracts using LC/DAD/ESI-MSn method. At the end of the work-up five groups of phenolic substances have been identified: Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, phenylethanoid glycosides, flavonoid-7-O-glycosides, flavonoid acetylglicosides and flavonoid aglycons. The water and methanol extracts of the species contain substances varying between 18 and 27. In our study 43 phenolic substances having different structures have been described. There are mostly flavonoid acetylglycoside type substances followed by phenylethanoid types. This study is the first one in literature dealing with the phenolic substances of S. argyrea, S. erythrantha subsp. cedretorum, S. libanotica subsp. violascens and S. hololeuca. On the other hand it is the first detailed study dealing with the phenolic substances of S. congesta, S. condensata subsp. arguta, S. libanotica subsp. linearis.