Prevalence of hypomineralized second primary molars and associated factors in preschool children in trabzon, turkey

Prevalence of Hypomineralized Second Primary Molars and Associated Factors in Preschool Children in Trabzon, Turkey This study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypomineralized second primary molars (HSPM) in a group of preschool children in Ortahisar district of Trabzon province and to investigate the etiological factors associated with it. The cross-sectional study included 513 preschool children from the Ortahisar district of Trabzon. Information on potential risk factors was collected through a questionnaire administered to parents. The questionnaire included questions about sociodemographic status, prenatal, perinatal and postnatal conditions. Before starting the study, calibration training was organized between the three investigators and inter-observer agreement was assessed using the Fleiss Kappa test. The investigators evaluated HSPM according to the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria. Plaque presence/absence, dmft and pufa indices were used during intraoral evaluation. Statistical analyses were performed using descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The statistical significance level was accepted as p<0.05. Fleiss Kappa analysis showed almost perfect agreement between observers (0.81-1.00). In our study, the prevalence of HSPM was found to be 6.8% for children and 4.6% for teeth. The most common type of HSPM defect in teeth was white creamy demarcated opacities. Of the children who participated in the study, 51.9% were boys and 48.1% were girls. In our study, a significant association was found between child age and HSPM (B=-1.074, p=0.047; p<0.05). There was no significant association between the presence of plaque, dmft and pufa and HSPM (p>0.05). There was no significant association between HSPM and prenatal and perinatal factors (p>0.05). Among the postnatal factors, breastfeeding duration of more than 6 months, no lower respiratory tract infection in the first year of life, otitis in the first year of life, and renal disease in the first year of life were found to be factors associated with HSPM, and renal disease showed the highest effect with a high beta coefficient (B=1. 307; p=0.017; B=-0.866; p=0.020; B=1.105; p=0.031; B=2.773; p=0.007; p<0.05). In this context, knowing the prevalence of HSPM may increase the importance of early diagnosis among pediatric dentists and parents and minimize its potential harms. In addition, it is thought that multicenter epidemiological studies and prospective studies that will examine the etiology of HSPM by collecting data from health institutions may be useful in the future. Keywords: Hypomineralized Second Primary Molars, prevalence, etiology