Histological and biochemical researches on therapeutic effects of resveratrol in urogenital system of trifluraline applied male rats

PURPOSEIn this study, we aimed to study the therapeutic effects of resveratrol, a strong antioxidant, against possible negative effects of trifluraline (TRF), a herbicide with dinitroaniline, in urogenital system of male rats histologically, histochemically, imunohistochemically and biochemically.METHOD35 Wistar albino rats were divided into 5 groups (n=7). Group I. Control; Group II. Sham; Group III. High Dose Trifluraline (HD): 2 g/kg/day; Group IV. Low Dose Trifluraline (LD): 0,8 g/kg/day; Group V. Resveratrol Therapy: 10 mg/kg/day resveratrol + 2g/kg/day TRF were applied for 21 days by intragastric sonda.Kidney, testis, ureter and urinary bladder tissue slides were stained with hematoxylene&eosine (H&E), Masson Trichrome and Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) for light microscopy. Immunohistochemical TUNEL stain (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling) was performed to determine apoptosis. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathion peroxidase (GPx) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated biochemically. Urea, creatinine and urea nitrogen levels (BUN) were evaluated in blood and urine samples.FINDINGSIn TRF treated groups, degeneration, vascular and tubular dilatation, cell debris, vacuolization, troidisation and nuclear atypia were observed at hematoxylene-eosine stained kidney slides. Dilatation and wide necrosis in seminiferious tubules; irregular sequencing of spermatogenic cell series, debris in tubules, reduction of spermiums in lumen or lack of spermiums were observed. No histological and morphological changes were seen in ureter and bladder tissues. Cellular damage and necrotic change were observed on Periodic Acid Schiff stained kidney tissue slides. Basal membrane of seminiferious tubules and interstitial tissue was thickened. Rarely increased collagen fibers were observed in peritubular areas in Masson Trichrome stained kidney slides. No histological changes were seen in Masson Trichrome stained ureter and bladder tissue slides. In TUNEL labeling assay, number of TUNEL positive cells were significantly increased in TRF High dose and TRF Low dose groups in comparison with control group. In resveratrol group TUNEL positive cells were found significantly decreased.According to MDA, SOD and GPx levels evaluations; MDA level was found higher, SOD and GPx levels were found lower in TRF High dose group and TRF low dose group than control group. MDA level was significantly lower; SOD and GPx levels were significantly higher in Resveratrol group than High dose and Low dose groups. There was no significant change in MDA, SOD and GPx levels in ureter and bladder tissues.According to blood BUN and creatinine evaluations; BUN and creatinine levels were found increased in TRF HD and TRF LD in comparison with control. In Resveratrol therapy group, BUN and creatinine were found significantly lower than TRF groups but there was no significant difference in comparison with control. Uric acid levels show significant difference only in TRF HD group in comparison with control. Urine BUN and uric acid levels were found significantly higher in TRF HD and TRF LD groups than control, creatinine levels were significantly low only in TRF HD group.CONCLUSIONAccording to our results; we consider that TRF increases oxidative stress, causes histological tissue damages and biochemical changes in kidney and testicles but applied TRF doses did not cause any damage in ureter and bladder. In conclusion we assume that Resveratrol can minimize the histological damage and biochemical differences significantly.Key words: Trifluraline, resveratrol, testicle, kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, apoptosis.