The place of women in social life in turkish society and its reflections on Turkish painting (1900 - 2015)

The Place of Women in Social Life in Turkish Society and its Reflections on Turkish Painting (1900 - 2015) In the process from emerge of modern societies to the present day, women only have undertook the necessities of marriage as a duty within the family institution and deprived of the opportunities of public life. In this context, women who were deprived of their right of equal citizenship, education, art, political and economic rights, social and cultural rights, legal and religious rights so were not able to benefit from these basic human rights. As a result of these, inequality, injustice and exploitative conditions towards women have emerged. This situation has been tried to be changed with the struggle for women's rights since the beginning of the 19th century and these works have gained momentum since the 20th century. Women began to join the educational life with constitutionalism. After the announcement of the Republic, with the faster opening of schools, girls' opportunities to get education, to take part in work and arts life were enabled. The painting art's entry to Ottoman Turkey was started with the Tulip Period and occurred in the mid-19th century. From the last quarter of the 19th century, the relationship between the Palace and the artists was developed, artistic movements started, painting workshops were opened and art teachers were brought from abroad. In 1914, the first girl painting school named İnas Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi was opened and the opportunity of art education for girls was created. In Turkey as well, women artists grown up who achieved success in many different branches of arts, exhibitions and awards. However, as in other areas of the historical process, in the field of art, gender discrimination and deprivation of rights have been encountered. Many female artists have been deprived of their right to education, their arts have not been unearthed and many have been abused. In the first part of our study; From the Constitutional Monarchy to the Republic, the place of women in daily life, education and art environment in the social structure of Turkish society is included. In the second part; From the Constitutional Monarchy to the Republic, from 1900 to 1923, the first years of the republic and after 1940, art and women were researched, Atatürk's works on women's rights and his concise remarks for women were included. In the third chapter; Women educators and women artists were examined in two parts as those before the Republic and those after the Republic. The educational life of women from the Ottoman Empire to the present, the leading women educators, development of the art of painting, women educators and women artists in the Republican period, Atatürk's view of fine arts, the tendencies of Turkish women, the trends in education and art, the examples of women artists' problems where they experienced due to gender discrimination, reflections of women artists' problems on their works were examined and the lives and works of women artists before and during the Republican period were examined. In addition, the first leading women of different occupational groups are listed with their short resumes. In the fourth chapter; By examining the numbers of male and female students who studied in painting departments from the establishment of Fine Arts High Schools to the present day, it's tried to be shed light on the reflection of painting art's near future process of our young girls who will be the future painting instructors and painting artists. The fifth and the last part of our study having the characteristics of a gallery is fictionalized as a catalogue that contains 40 women artists who, has proven themselves with their works in the field of art, has award winning works and have contributed to the academic life. The thesis study was completed with the results and suggestions. Increasing the education level of women by giving the necessary importance to women's education will increase the participation of women in the labor force. Key Words: Women, Artists, Pioneer Women, Painting Art, Portrait, Education, Women's Rights.