The effect of the different interests of Türkiye, the USA and the Russian Federation in the Middle East on regional security

In this study, the impact of the differing interests of Türkiye, the USA and Russia in the Middle East on regional security is analyzed through the Syrian and Libyan crises. The crisis in Syria and Libya, which drifted into civil war during the Arab Spring, has become a part of the competition between regional and global actors. Türkiye, the USA and Russia have directly and indirectly intervened in the crises in Syria and Libya and shaped the course of the conflicts. In this regard, the policies of Türkiye, the USA and Russia towards Syria and Libya are analyzed in line with the methodology of neoclassical realism, which predicts that foreign policy strategies are formed by passing the signals from the international system through the filter of local factors. After analyzing the Syria and Libya policies of Türkiye, the USA and Russia, their differing interests are determined and areas of competition and cooperation are tried to be revealed. The effects of Türkiye, the USA and Russia's competition in line with their differing interests in Syria and Libya on regional security are analyzed. In the study, it was determined that Türkiye intervened in the Syrian and Libyan crises due to its perception of threats to its national security, while the USA and Russia intervened in line with their global goals. It has been concluded that the differences in interests between Türkiye, the USA and Russia negatively affect regional security by causing the civil war to prolong in these countries and the failure to ensure political stability. A historical and descriptive methodology was used in the study, utilizing qualitative research methods.