Prison and detention house in turkey and types(1923-2018)

In this study, detailed researches were made about the establishment stage and types of penal institutions in Turkey and the thesis has been prepared for this purpose. Prisons in our country have a history of 170 years. Places called prisons, which were dungeon-like places where criminals were locked up during the Ottoman Empire, were turned into prisons in the 19th century and aimed to reform criminals. Prisons were given great importance in the Republic of Turkey, which was established after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. For this purpose, it is based on making prisons healthier, more humane and livable. Activities related to prisons have been accelerated. While preparing the thesis, the concept of prison in the Ottoman Empire and how the criminals were punished were investigated. The works and theses written in this field were examined. From the establishment of the Republic of Turkey until 2018, research has been conducted on the development stages of penitentiary institutions in our country. These are included in the study. During the thesis work, "Prime Minister Ottoman Archive", "Ottoman Archive", "Republican Archive", theses, first hand sources, books, articles were examined to a large extent, and a literature review was made. The laws, regulations, by-laws and protocols enacted with penitentiary institutions are included in our thesis.