The influences of government policies in Turkey on art education (1980-2019)

This thesis which examines art education in government policies, mainly deals with the secondary education level. The target of this research is to examine the significance given to Painting/Visual Arts Course, Painting/Visual Arts Course policies of political parties that took part in the relevant years, within the extent of the changes made in the secondary level of educational programs between 1980-2019, deal with the course to find out how the course is named, the semester and semester it takes place, how the course hours are planned, what the course type (compulsory or optional) is, to determine what the outcome and course subject have changed; to determine the general situation of the Painting/Visual Arts Course in secondary education institutions. Document analysis method was used to gather data on the goal and sub-problems of the study. From this point of, it is a historical study that examines the changes underwent by the political powers of the period on Painting/Visual Arts Course and their giving importance to that course at secondary education level. To determine the effects of government policies on Painting/Visual Arts Course 1980-2019, TBMM and MEB achieves, government programs, Tutanak Magazines, Development Plans, National Education Councils, Tebliğler Journals, TTK's resolutions and education curriculums have been reached. All of these documents compose the universe of the study. Data obtained from sources scanned throughout the study, has been systematically evaluates and put together in convenience with the aim of the thesis. The findings and results obtained hang on findings of the research are as sub-problems: In secondary education level, Painting/Visual Art Course has not been discussed adequately in government programs, Development Plans and National Education Councils (1st-3rd sub-problems). The change of Painting Course's name into Visual Arts has been based on the decision dated December 31, 2009 and 337 numbered of TTK. During the 58th-65th Governments of Turkish Republic took part in (November 18, 2002-July 10, 2018), the name of the Painting Course was Visual Arts (4th sub-problem). Throughout the periods of 44th (September 20, 1980-December 13, 1983) and the 66th Governments of Turkish Republic (July 10, 2018-…), the Painting/Visual Arts Course was continued at secondary education level in all semesters (5th sub-problem). During the 44th Government of Turkish Republic (September 20, 1980-December 13, 1983), course hours are two hours in all courses. During the 45th Governments of Turkish Republic (December 13, 1983-December 21, 1987), in first and second grades at high schools, it is two hours and in third grades it is one hour, and this did not change until the 48th Government of Turkish Republic (June 14, 2003-August 29, 2007). Period from the 48th to 59th Governments of Turkish Republic (March 14, 2003-August 29, 2007), all grades at high schools have two hours art courses. The 60th throughout the period of the 60th Governments of Turkish Republic (August 29, 2007-July 06, 2011), course hours were reduced into one hour in all courses. As of the 65th Government of Turkish Republic (May 22, 2016-July 10, 2018), it has been started to run for two hours in all courses of high school again (6th sub-problem). Painting/Visual Arts Course from the period of the 44th Government of Turkish Republic (September 20, 1980-December 13, 1983) to the period of the 60th Government of Turkish Republic (August 29, 2007-July 6, 2011), is an optional course. During the 60th Government of Turkish Republic, the course was given as an optional in common course pool. It is in the pool of optional and mutual course in the period of the 61th Government of Turkish Republic (July 6, 2011-August 29, 2014) (7th sub-problem). The course subjects in the Painting Curriculum of the secondary education dated 1957 and applied during the period of the 22nd Government of Turkish Republic (December 9, 1955-December 25, 1957) has not been changed until the 49th Government of Turkish Republic (November 21, 1991- June 25, 1993). The 1991, curriculum course subjects were also implemented. During the period of the 54th Government of Turkish Republic (June 28, 1996-June 30, 1997). In the 55th Government of Turkish Republic (June 30, 1997-January 11, 1999), the 1998 curriculum was prepared, and the course and acquisitions took part in the educational programs were carried out in the period of the 60th Government of Turkish Republic (August 29, 2007-July 6, 2011) as well. During the periods of the 61th Government of Turkish Republic (July 6, 2011-August 29, 2014) and the 64th Government of Turkish Republic (November 17, 2015-May 22, 2016), the curriculum of the 2009; in the period of the 65th Government of Turkish Republic (May 22, 2016-July 10, 2018), the curriculum of 2017 and 2018 acquisitions and contents were applied (8th-9th sub-problems). Recommendations are presented based on the results obtained in the research. These recommendations: In secondary education level, discussing Painting/Visual Art Course in details in government programs, Development Plans and National Education Councils; standardizing the name and field of the course as Visual Arts from preschool to higher education, conducting the course in all classes of high schools for at least two hours as a compulsory course, presenting the achievements and contents are adopted or not, to the relevant authorities with measurable reports.