Refugees in Turkey and settlement change: The case of South Marmara

The first connection of Turks with Balkans began in 1353 with the conquest of Edirne and 550-year-long Turkish domination in Balkans started. With the conquest of Balkans, Anatolian Turks living in Anatolia together with Turkey to dominate the Balkans began to be settled in the Balkans. Because of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkan mentality that allows the public has an understanding of imperialist live freely in all areas. People in the Balkans and Turkish rule in the Balkans, along with cultural, social, architectural and so on. interaction has occurred in many areas. As a result of this interaction Balkan-Turkey Culture formed. As a result of continuous conquests of the Ottoman Empire and the Balkans settlement pass with continued progress in the Balkans and reached the widest limits. Rise in the Balkans during my period of continuous settlement activities and the continued disintegration of the Ottoman Empire entered a pause is different. This process is back to give the name of the return process in place would be a statement. This repatriation process has brought with it many problems. Firstly, migration to the Ottoman Empire began with the occupation of Crimea by Russia. He began to enter the Russian rule in the Caucasus. The French Revolution brought by nationalist movements that began more trigger the influx of immigration. Ottoman-Russian War of 1787-1792 began to migrate into Anatolia from the Balkans as a result of the masses. 1877-1878 one of the most important people in the history of Turkish migration to Ottoman - Creates a migration after the Russian war. XX. It occurred at the beginning of the Balkan wars of the century led to migrate to Anatolia in large numbers of Turks living in the Balkans. Commission was established to solve the problems of immigrants from the Balkans. Provided land for the settlement of the refugees are given support to build houses. In addition, efforts have been made for a more comfortable riding life by providing military and tax exemptions. Hospitals have been made because of health problems experienced. Agricultural tools, seeds and other necessities are provided participate in the production are met. The Ottoman Empire was defeated in World War I and the Republic of Turkey was established instead. Balkan and Caucasus problems inherited from the Ottoman Empire and Turkish Muslims to Turkey continued with the same sensitivity. With close to 2 million to Greece in 1921 with the Treaty of Lausanne was signed between Turkish and Greek Cypriots forced migration in Turkey was replaced. Close to 500 thousand by 2510 Act issued in 1934, refugees have migrated to Anatolia. II. World War emigrated with uniformly spaced 1 million refugees Anatolia. The most recent mass immigration has come from Bulgaria in 1989. Migration from the Ottoman Empire in the last 200 years the events have passed. The area of the heritage of the Ottoman Empire, the Republic of Turkey was very interested in this issue and has tried to resettle the refugees came. These settlement activities have been efforts to be made to certain rules and has attempted to place the elections in accordance with the refugees. This settlement results at the beginning of the area where most of the refugees are from western Anatolia settled. Which factors affect the determination of refugees in the Department of South Marmara workspace, populated this area is intense. One of the most influential factor comes geographical distance and proximity. Keywords: migration, refugees, geographical distance, Housing, Geography