Innovation process and theoretical background in Turkey and the world

With the influence of competitive environments, the continuation of the activities of organizations today depends on increasing their competitiveness. This situation pushes organizations to turn to innovation studies that create difference and innovation. Innovation realized at the organizational level is thought to be positively proportional to the innovative culture realized within organizations. Innovative organizational culture, which causes the preparation of innovative ideas in organizations, also occurs with a strong administrative management support. This support is largely provided by innovative leaders who have an influential role in defining the organizational vision, mission and strategic plan. In the market environment, consumers are looking for differences and innovations every day. For this reason, the first priority for a company to compete with its competitors is to constantly update itself. Estimating consumer expectations, identifying social, psychological and personal factors in consumers' purchasing behavior and transforming these factors into strategic advantages are of great importance for companies. In this study, conceptual frameworks about innovation and information from the literature are given. Development plans of the innovation process in Turkey since the early years of our history and the republic has been explained under headings. The importance, aims and activities of research and development (R&D) are included, and the issues of creating value from science and technology in technology are discussed. In addition, information is given about the development of innovation and investments in Turkey. The data obtained as a result of the research were summarized and suggestions were expressed. On the other hand, technological developments in the innovation process, which is the main dynamic of national development in the world, innovation types and innovation approaches in economics teachings and Joseph Alois Schumpeter's views on Innovation are tried to be expressed and his researches on this subject are included. Finally, suggestions were made with a general evaluation.