Investigation of the factors determining tolerance to immigrants in Turkey with latent class analysis and correspondence analysis

Migration, which has continued throughout the history of humanity, is a social movement that is closely related to societies and can cause various sociological, psychological, economic and political problems. Among the reasons for migration, the desire of individuals to have a better life is the most basic. While individuals want to have the right to a better life, the reasons for migration can be voluntary or compulsory. Reasons such as war, natural disaster, and economic crisis are among the factors that make it necessary for individuals to migrate en masse. In particular, individuals who have to migrate in masses may cause various social, political, economic, cultural and religious problems for the places they go. In order not to cause these problems, it is the duty of policymakers to ensure that the balance established between the local people and the immigrants is sound. The turmoil in Afghanistan due to the Arab Spring, the Syrian civil war, and political instability in recent years has led to an increase in mass migration movements. Undoubtedly, Turkey is one of the countries that is highly affected by the mass migration movements and receives intensive migration. The high rate of increase in the number of immigrants in Turkey caused that the policies produced were not sufficient, necessitating the production of new policies regarding immigrants. For this reason, it has been determined that there are problems between the local people and immigrants from time to time, and the tolerance level of the local people towards immigrants decreases. Within the scope of the study, the data from the last wave of the World Values Survey was used. Firstly, Latent Class Analysis was applied to the data in the questionnaire, and then Correspondence Analysis was applied in order to examine the mentioned factors in depth. As a result of the Latent Class Analysis, it was determined that individuals living in Turkey were divided into three classes in terms of tolerance towards immigrants. It was seen that the variables of working status, income level, religious view level and political view level were determinative on the division of individuals into three classes. As a result of the Multiple Correspondence Analysis, which was conducted to evaluate the dynamics affecting the level of tolerance in detail, it was concluded that the level of education has a decisive effect on tolerance towards immigrants in parallel with the information in the literature. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the age and gender variables did not have a decisive effect on tolerance towards immigrants. Keywords: Migration, Migration in Turkey, Immigrant, Tolerance, Latent Class Analysis, Correspondence Analysis.