Türkiye?nin Batı Karadeniz bölgesinde, kefal balığı karaciğer sitozolünde oksidatif stres biyobelirteçlerinin seviyelerinin ölçülmesi

The Black Sea has been increasingly threatened by pollutants over the past decades due to several factors such as uncontrolled shipping, unmanaged fishing, accidental crude oil spills and dumping of toxic industrial wastes and discharge of domestic wastes from coastal settlements. Industrial areas, rivers and coastal cities have tendency to create local pollution in the Black Sea. The studies concerning biomarker responses to pollutants are relatively limited in the Black Sea. In this study, the degree of pollution was measured and monitored in Zonguldak Harbour, Eregli Harbours, Sakarya River Mouth, Melen and Guluc Stream Mouth and Amasra using glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities in the liver cytosol of mullet in August 2005, 2006 and 2007. Mullets caught from Amasra displayed the lowest GST, CAT and GR activities. This region was considered as reference site. Mullets collected from the Zonguldak Harbour, a highly urbanized and industrial city in the West Black Sea Region of Turkey, had 4 times higher GST activities than the reference site. GST activities of the mullet samples caught from Melen and Guluc Stream and Sakarya River Mouth were ranged between 3-4 times higher values compared to reference site. The highly elevated CAT activities were detected in mullets captured from Sakarya River, Melen and Guluc Stream Mouth, Eregli Harbour and Zonguldak Harbour which were ranged between 2-3 times higher values than the reference site in 2005. CAT activities of mullets caught from Sakarya River, Guluc Stream, Melen Stream Mouth and Zonguldak Harbour were about 2 times higher values than the reference site in 2006. CAT activities of mullets from Sakarya River Mouth and Zonguldak Harbour were 1.5 times higher than the reference site in 2007. GR activities of mullets from Zonguldak Harbour, Eregli Harbour, Melen Stream and Guluc Stream Mouth were ranged between 1.4-2 times higher values compared to the reference site.In this study, the elevated biomarker responses showed the presence of organic pollutants and reactive oxygen species in the Zonguldak Harbour, Eregli Harbour, Sakarya River, Melen Stream and Guluc Stream. These results indicated that these sites have tendency to create local pollution in the Black Sea.Keywords: Black Sea, GST, Catalase, Glutathione Reductase, Pollution.