Urban heat island study of cities with 500.000 population and over in Turkey

Statistical trends, especially on temperature data, have an important place when working on climate change. Reliable methods should be used in determining the trends of these data, which vary according to many factors over a long period of time. In the selection of the stations to be used in the study, 17 city center stations with a population of 500.000 and over as of 2013 and their rural environments were taken into consideration. In this context, according to TUIK data, the number of urban stations, which are much more, has been reduced to the above-mentioned number due to irregularities and deficiencies in the data sets. First of all, the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test was applied to the long-term temperature data (at least 41 years to 66 years) of the urban stations and the rural stations that differ the least geographically. In order to determine the start year of the trends of the stations, Sen's Trend Slope Method was preferred. According to the findings, among 17 station pairs, at the stations of Afyon-Bolvadin, Muğla-Yatağan, Tekirdağ-Çorlu, Aydın-Sultanhisar, Mersin-Silifke, Şanlıurfa-Bozova, Konya-Karapınar, Bursa-M.Kemalpaşa, Ankara-Akyurt and İstanbul-Şile, the presence of city heat was determined according to the data of the surrounding rural stations. On the other hand, in the station pairs of Trabzon-Akçaabat, Erzurum-Tortum, Samsun-Bafra, Diyarbakır-Ergani, Adana-Yumurtalık and Antalya-Manavgat, it has been revealed that rural stations are warmer than the city center at monthly minimum temperatures. The reasons for this situation will be investigated in detail after the end of the study. In the study, atmospheric phenomena were handled with unique methods and evaluated in terms of the contribution of climatology to sustainable life. This climatology research, which is tried to be carried out, is the product of efforts to catch the development expressed in general terms and to contribute to the development towards a healthier one based on the findings obtained in the process. According to the results obtained, urban heat islands will occur in our big cities in our country and in our cities that will gain the status of big cities by increasing their population in a very short time. It is necessary to determine the measures to be taken in this regard without wasting time and take action in this direction.