Determination of plant parasitic nematodes in major garlic production araes of Turkey and screening of some garlic genotypes against to stem and bulb nematode races [Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn, 1857) Filipjev, 1936]

The main objective of this study was to determine plant-parasitic nematodes in major garlic production areas in Turkey and resistance reactions of some garlic genotypes to stem and bulb nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci). Root and soil samples were collected from the Kastamonu, Kahramanmaraş, Balıkesir, Gaziantep ve Aksaray provinces during the 2017-2019 growing seasons in Turkey. Nematodes were extracted from the collected samples, prepared and identified. Seventeen plant parasitic nematodes species were identified in association with garlic rizosfer. It was also observed that D. dipsaci was accounted for 30% of the collected specimens. Screening tests were showed that onion, garlic, and calendula plants were good hosts for D. dipsaci, while alfalfa, chickpea, and wheat were poor host plants, and non of lettuce and leeks plants were not host for this nematode species. None of the screened garlic genotypes showed any resistance reactions to D. dipsaci. This study showed that Tunceli Sarımsağı, Kütahya Beyazı, Kütahya Pembesi, Balıkesir, Muğla-7 and Muğla-6 genotypes can be recommended for growing in areas where stem and bulb nematode infested, and these genotypes has been determined as important genetic resource for garlic breeding. Keywords: Garlic, Stem and Bulb Nematode, Resistance, Strain