Wind energy in Turkey

Energy, which is the basic input of development, is an indispensable element for all production systems as well as yesterday. With the Industrial Revolution, interest in energy demand and its types has been broken; A system has also emerged that affects our modern life. Production opportunities and population growth experienced by technological development have created an inevitable energy demand. Coal consumption increased due to the conditions of the post-Industrial Revolution period. After two centuries of coal sovereignty, the commercial use of oil increased in the 19th century. Transportation vehicles, industrial production and technological development are of great importance in this increase. But unlike coal, the uneven distribution of oil reserves around the world; caused political and economic crises and increased environmental concerns. This situation has increased the importance of hydraulic power, natural gas and nuclear energy in the second half of the 20th century and has led countries to increase their share in energy demands. Since the reserves of fossil resources, which have an important share in long-term energy consumption, will be exhausted, they cause environmental problems and political and economic risks; governments have recently been interested in renewable resources. The positive aspects of CO₂ emissions such as low, unrestricted nature, reduced costs and employment increase the interest in renewable sources such as wind, solar, geothermal, biomass and wave. These resources are alternative to all countries regardless of their level of development. Energy which is indispensable for industrial production and social life; demand is increasing in developing economies. As a developing country Turkey import high rate of energy sources. Because of this, it face some problems like; current deficit, prices instability, supply risk. For this reason, the development of the country was aimed by putting the renewable resources into use with the legal regulations and incentives. The wind, which has been used for irrigation, grain crops or transportation by sailing ships since the past, has been used to meet the electrical energy needs thanks to today's technology. As a result of precision measurements, developed instruments and reduced costs, wind energy is one of the most preferred and widespread renewable sources in the recent period. Turkey's mathematics location, thanks to its landscape and surrounded by sea on three sides led country has substantial wind energy potential. Today our country has an installed capacity of 88 GW of electricity, and has a total wind power capacity of 48 GW on land and offshore. This amount shows the importance of the size of the wind potential. It is a resource that should be used and developed especially for a country that is dependent on imported energy resources by 75%. Wind power potential in Turkey with his study of the energy dependence of our countries, taken together, will attempt to demonstrate the benefits of increased energy consumption ongoing wind power. Not only Turkey limitation, world energy demand and supply situation and forecasts of future studies examining emphasized the importance of choice will be made today and tomorrow. For this purpose, the official agencies of Turkey, reports of independent organizations related to the subject, statistics, evaluation and research have been analysed; written by experts of the subject article or review have been assessed, reports of international organizations, articles, statistics and has tried to reveal important future forecasts examined will provide the wind in terms of solving the energy problem facing the world and Turkey. The study consists of six chapters; in the first part, the nature of the wind will examine and in the second part, how the energy production from the wind will explained. In the third part; Turkey and the general assessment of fossil and renewable energy resources in the world will be held. In the fourth chapter, examine the development of electrical energy in Turkey. In the fifth chapter; wind energy resources will be discussed and the advantages of being in Turkey. In the last section, in the sixth part, an example of a wind power plant in Istanbul will evaluate and wind potential and energy production will explained. Keywords: Renewable Energy, Energy Supply, Fossil Energy, Greenhouse Gas, Global Warming.