Trade life at Turkey Seljuks (1220-1277)

Trade Life At Turkey Seljuks (1220-1277) In history there were many important civilisations lived in Anatolia. It was the center of important trade and immigration roads. Anatolia was a ruin before Turkish Seljuks came, because of Byzantium Arab wars. After Byzantium otority finished culture and civilisation level of Anatolia has fallen down. After Malazgirt war (1071) Seljuks settled down and at 1075 established Turkish Seljuks State. Turkish Seljuks State began to settle down in Anatolia after the wars to Byzantium and Crusaders wars. After Miryakefelon war Anatolia is called Turkey. Seljuk Sultans II. Kılıç Arslan, I. Gıyâseddin Keyhüsrev, I. İzzeddin Keykâvus and I. Alâeddin Keykubâd made their politics according to trade and economy. These Sultans realized that there must be a good trade life at Anatolia for developing economy and took the necessary measures for developing trade life. Sultans made economic pacts with Cypriote, Venetian and other European and they gave advantages and rights (insurance, cheaper customs tax) to traders. On the other hand, caravanserais, which is built for trademen's comfort and security of transporting gave a desirous position to trade roads crossing Anatolia. Agressive behaviours to trader was a reason of war for Seljuk Sultans. They made wars acording to economic plans They congvered important ports like Antalya, Alanya, Suğdak and Sinop and they developed international sea trade. Seljuk State gave importance to production for a good trade life. They supported agriculture by setting down the immigrant people. Guild (Ahi organisation) organised the industry at cities and State controlled the industry. Immigants made agriculture by growing animals and this was their produet So the Seljuk State was a125 production center at the same time while were making international trade. Turkish Seljuk get a good exporting capacity for the needs of neighbour countries. At Alâeddin Keykubâd time, Turkish Seljuk arrived the best economic level. At II. Gıyâseddin Keyhüsrev's time the state had been injured by Babaî Rebellion and Mongols had controlled the Seljuk by 1243 Kösedağ war. Until 1277 Seljuk gave tax to Mongols and they were dependent on them. During this period the tax given to Mongols the wars between bureaucrats with rebellions had injure state and these reasons destroyed trade life. After 1277 Turkish Seljuk was completely controlled by Mongols and because of politic al instability and Mongols pressure Seljuks lost power and their trade reduced. But Ayas-Tebriz, Trabzon- Tebriz road and nears that supported by Mongols continued as before. Because of developed trade life of Turkish Seljuk used new methods at money transporting like cheque as written proof and assignment. Trade caravans is organised by trade companies and co. At Alâeddin Keykubâd' s time Seljuk money was the most valuable money at Anatolia and near countries. But after trade and economic life's reduction Egypt, Venetian and Iran Mongols Money were used at Anatolia. Between 1220 and 1243 there was a very good trade life at Anatolia. Because of that life standard was high. And Anatolia was prosperous. But between 1243 and 1277 trade life were reducing and Mongols made trade for themselves. By Mongols invasion the Seljuks developed trade life and big civilisation had been finished. Middle and East Anatolia could not get the same level again but West Anatolia get great developments at Ottomans time.