Mitochondrial DNA diversity in turkish native sheep breeds

The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the mitochondrial DNA diversity in Turkish native sheep breeds using 531 bp DNA sequence of mtDNA control region. Animal material of the study consisted of 296 individual sampled from 15 sheep breeds raised in Türkey including Kangal Akkaraman (n=18), Çine Çaparı (n=20), Dağlıç (n=18), Eşme koyunu (n=20), Gökçeada (n=18), Güney Karaman (n=21), İvesi (n=20), Karacabey Merinosu (n=18), Karakaş (n=14), Karya (n=25), Kıvırcık (n=22), Morkaraman (n=19), Norduz (n=18), Ramlıç (n=25), Sakız (n=20) breeds. A total of 531 bp sequence was revealed a total of 78 haplotypes, 53 polymorphic sites, 33 of which are parsimony informative. Nucleotide diversity and haplotype diversity, neutrality tests, mismatch distribution analyzes were conducted to obtained sequences data. The highest and lowest haplotype diversity was determined in Morkaraman (0.967±0.03) and Chios (0.542±0.105) breeds. The highest and lowest nuclotide diversity was determined in Karya (0.01523±0.00153) and Chios (0.00329±0.00072) breeds. Correct topology of the neighbour joining phylogenetic tree was decided with substitution model and then haplogroups were identified. The present study showed all previously observed haplogroups. While six sheep from rare Haplogroup D (HPGD) and 10 sheep from rare Haplogroup E (HPGE) were detected, a total of 165 animal were detected in Haplogroup B (HPGB), 69 and 46 animals were observed in Haplogroup A (HPGA) and Haplogroup C (HPGC), respectively. According to the results of the mismatch distribution analysis, no population expansion was observed in both of breeds and haplogroups. The samples used in this study consist of old breeds that show good mutation accumulation. As a result, it can be said that the mtDNA region and methods used throughout this study is sufficient to reveal genetic diversity in the studied populations.