Greenhouse gas emission effect of energy substitution in transportation industry and household consumption: An environmental input-output analysis for Turkey

Greenhouse gas emissions constitute the main cause of global warming that yields in climate change and carbondioxide is the most harmful gas to environment. The research that search for factors that result in carbondioxide emissions and the measures to prevent and/or to decrease emmisions has been very hot in the international agenda however the studies in Turkey regarding the same issue is very limited. The aim of this study is provide and carry out scenario analyses that substitute fossil fuel used in household consumption and transportation industry with less carbondioxide emitting energy sources. Anaylses are carried out by utilizing environmental input-output table. Findings of the scenario analyses provide the information that use of electricity in the consumption stage emits the least carbondioxide, therefore electricity is the cleanest energy during consumption, however emissions during the production stage of electricity should never be forgotten to reach a final conclusion regarding the cleanness. In addition, industries that are mostly affected by electricity substitution are the ones which are more dependent on imported input use.