A comparative study of the theme of hope in utopia and the theme of fear in dystopia

Throughout the ages, human beings have dreamed of a world where they could be happy. This craving has led individuals to the concept of utopia. In these social fictions, all kinds of negativities that could fall within the lives of individuals have been cleared off and social life is built on a certain order. This magical World , which includes concepts such as justice, equality and freedom, has subsisted a transformation towards dystopias with the negativities experienced after the 19th century. The concept of hope in utopias has been replaced by the concept of fear in dystopias time in time. In this study titled Comparative Examination of the Theme of Hope in Utopias and the Theme of Fear in Dystopias; First of all, the concept of utopia, its definition and framework were tried to be examined, and the genre of utopia was included in Turkish literature and world literature. Finally, some discourses are included in the dystopian context. In the second part, the theme of hope in utopias is handled. Utopian discourses and the theme of hope were analysed in Yakup Kadri Karaosmanoğlu's Ankara, Hüseyin Cahit Yalçın's "Life is Muhayyel", Ahmet Ağaoğlu's Land of Free People, Melih Cevdet Anday Raziye, Peyami Safa's Yalnızız. In the third section, the concept, definition and framework of dystopia are gave place. In the fourth and last part of the study, the concept of fear was discussed and in the dystopian context, dystopian elements and the concept of fear were examined in Cem Akaş's novel Y, Zülfü Livaneli's Son Ada, Oya Baydar's General of Garbage, Bilge Karasu Gece, and Tahsin Yücel's Gökdelen novels. The aim of this thesis is to examine the concepts of utopia and dystopia, and to make a comparative examination of the theme of hope in utopias and the concept of fear in dystopias.