Effects of UV-A, UV-B and UV-C treatments on germination performance, quality properties and storage time in bean seeds

This study was carried out to investigate the germination performance and quality characteristics of bean seeds (Phaselous vulgaris L.) exposed to UV-A, UV-B and UV-C radiation for different periods of time (5, 10, 15 ve 20 min) and stored at 15 ± 1 °C for 360 days. During storage, mineral analyzes were carried out on the 0th, 180th and 360th days of storage, and all other analyzes and experiments were carried out on the 0th, 90th, 180th, 270th and 360th days. The moisture content of bean seeds decreased as the ultraviolet exposure time increased, but the moisture content increased as the storage time increased. It was observed that electrical conductivity increased compared to the control group, fluctuations in pH values were observed during the storage period and the lowest pH value was detected on the 360th day. In all treatments, an increase in ash content and thousand grain weight was observed at the end of the 360th day. It was concluded that ultraviolet applications did not have a negative effect on color values. Although mineral contents vary depending on UV application, duration and storage time, all UV applications generally caused an increase in mineral content. Considering the germination parameters, it was concluded that UV-A positively affected the germination percentage, while UV-B and UV-C caused a decrease in the germination percentage as storage time increased. Long-term applications of UV-C and longer storage periods increased the mean germination time and caused decreases in other applications. It was concluded that UV-A and UV-C applications were more effective in increasing the germination rate, especially during certain periods, but it was observed that there was a general decrease in the germination rate as the storage time increased. Again, storage time affected germination energy and significant decreases were detected, especially on the 270th and 360th days. As a result, UV-A was determined as the most suitable ultraviolet radiation in the study. Short-term applications of 5 or 10 min may be preferred. It was concluded that maximum 270 days of storage can be recommended as a storage period due to significant decreases in germination performance.