Investigation of antioxidant, anticholnergic, anti-cancer and genotoxic effects of fruit extract of rowan (Sorbus domestica L.)

Rowan (Sorbus domestica L.) fruit is a fruit that can be grown in most regions of our country and is believed to be medicinal. In this study, the effectiveness of free radical scavenging antioxidants in rowan content and enzyme inhibition as anticholinergic were investigated. Its antioxidant capacity was determined by the reduction of copper ions (Cu2+) (CUPRAC) test, and its anticholinergic activity was determined by inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes. In addition, the possible cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of this fruit, which may have medicinal or curative properties, were studied in vitro on human breast cancer cell culture (MCF-7). Its cytotoxic activity was examined by the WST-1 test. Its genotoxic effect was investigated by the Comet test. When the efficacy of different concentrations (5,10,15,20,25,30 μg/mL) of the aqueous extraction of rowan fruit was examined with the CUPRAC test, it was found that it was higher than the standard antioxidants (α-Tocopherol and Trolox). When its anticholinergic activity was examined, it was observed that it had a very high activity against Tacrine, the standard inhibitor of the Cholinesterase enzyme. When the cytotoxic activity was examined with WST-1, it was determined that 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) on cell culture could not be obtained even at the highest extraction rate (50000 ppm). Genotoxicity activity was investigated with the comet test and it was observed that it had a small amount of genotoxic effect.