Statistical analysis of the atmosphere of astronomic observatories using satellite images

The aim of the study is to evaluate the atmospheric layers obtained from satellite and model data for 2141 astronomical observatories established around the world: cloudiness, precipitable water vapor, aerosol optical depth, vertical velocity wind speed and wind speed at 200h-Pa pressure level statistically and temporally. In addition, latitude, longitude and altitude information of observatories are included. The AstroGIS database, which contains approximately 100 TB of remote sensing and model data obtained daily between 2002-2020, of the layers belonging to the observatories was used. Monthly and annual averages of the observatories were established and temporal changes were examined. Results from 9 globally selected professional observatories are shown. Histograms of the layers were produced and their general distributions were examined. The normality tests of the layers were tested and the normality assumption was tested and the correlation (Spearman (P)) values were interpreted according to this result. Yearly mean of cloud cover, precipitable water vapor, aerosol optical depth, vertical velocity wind speeds and wind speet at 200h-Pa pressure level for all observatories were % 69.65, 13.85 mm, Pa s^(-1) and 21.06 m s^(-1) respectively. It has been determined that all observatories, except professional observatories, are established in places that are not suitable for the astronomical criteria we have examined.